摘要：
The Paris Agreement has inaugurated a new era of climate mitigation by establishing the ambitious target of achieving net-zero emissions by 2050, thereby aiming to limit global warming to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels. Technological advancements driven by research and development (R&D) investments are widely recognized as crucial determinants of both economic growth and carbon emissions pathways in developed and developing countries. This study investigates the synergistic potential of a carbon tax, wherein the revenue generated is recycled to finance R&D, to effectively reduce the cost of achieving the net-zero target. Taiwan's recent enactment of the Climate Change Response Act, signaling its commitment to the 2050 net-zero goal, provides a compelling case study within the Asian context. By focusing on Taiwan, this research aims to demonstrate that not only the "amount" of the recycled R&D fund but also its “pathways” are critical factors in ensuring cost-effective mitigation. To analyze the economy-wide impacts of this net-zero policy package, we employ an S&T policy assessment model based on a general equilibrium framework that incorporates the R&D activity mechanisms and technological progress dynamics. The simulation results will provide valuable insights into a cost-effective roadmap for climate policy mix in Taiwan, with potential implications for other nations pursuing similar decarbonization strategies.
