英文關鍵字：
Electricity load;time of use;price elasticity of electricity demand
摘要：
隨著國內能源轉型與用電量之提升，既有電力系統尖峰負載時間已逐漸由午後轉移至傍晚，使國內電力供需平衡產生相當大的壓力。除增加電力供應外，需求端相關管理措施更被許多國家廣泛採用，其中採時間電價機制運用尖離峰電價差異引導用戶行為為普遍運用的方式。本文利用台灣電力公司2016-2018年高壓以上用戶AMI電力時負載資料，估計「農、林、漁、牧業」、「工業」、「服務業」每小時電力需求價格彈性，以了解時間電價機制對抑低用電的成效。
估計結果顯示，三大產業一天24小時中絕大多數時段之電力需求價格彈性皆為負值，其中農、林、漁、牧業電力需求價格彈性介於-0.299至-0.097之間、工業電力需求價格彈性介於-0.557至-0.341之間、服務業電力需求價格彈性介於-0.728至-0.493，表示所有時段的電價皆對電力時負載具有抑低的效果，故透過電價機制降低用電量仍為有效地政策工具。
With the domestic energy transition and the increase in electricity consumption, the peak load of the power system has gradually shifted from the afternoon to the evening, creating significant pressure on the balance of power supply and demand in Taiwan. In addition to increasing power supply, many countries have widely adopted demand-side management measures, particularly time-of-use (ToU) pricing, which guides user electricity consumption behavior by peak and off-peak electricity prices. This study uses high-voltage and above-user AMI electricity load data from Taiwan Power Company for the period 2016-2018 to estimate the price elasticity of electricity demand in the agriculture, industry, and service sectors in order to understand the effectiveness of ToU pricing mechanisms in reducing electricity consumption.
The results show that the price elasticity of electricity demand in the three major sectors are mostly negative throughout the day, with the agriculture sector ranging from -0.299 to -0.097, the industry sector ranging from -0.557 to -0.341, and the service sector ranging from -0.728 to -0.493. This indicates that the price of electricity at all times has a depressing effect on the electricity load, and therefore reducing electricity consumption through the electricity pricing mechanism is still an effective policy tool.
