英文關鍵字：
E-commerce;Work status;Functional requirements;Education and training
期刊及卷期：
勞動及職業安全衛生研究季刊, 第31卷, 第4期, 第106-121頁
摘要：
本文針對以電子商務模式進行銷售的相關行業，調查行業中電商工作者的重
要課題：電子商務工作者的工作內容與職能需求、教育訓練與人力供需情形、就
業型態及工作者的社經背景、工作條件與勞動權益。並透過深度訪談了解相關業
者對於電商工作有關職能與市場供需概況與展望。
電子商務工作者包括下列12 類：電子商務專員（操作/管理電子商務平臺 ）、
行銷企劃、網站視覺設計、產品企劃、電腦/資料/網路工程師（程式撰寫/網站架
設維護 ）、攝影/剪輯、客服/行政、倉管/出貨、招商、美編/平面設計、網紅/
直播主、物流配送。
調查方法包括：電商企業之深度訪談25 家，以及電子商務勞工之問卷調查，
共1,025 份有效問卷。研究結果發現：電子商務相關從業人員多是勞動基準法中所
定義的勞工，和企業之間屬僱傭關係（占調查樣本比例約93％）；相對之下，自營
作業者約占7％。
調查結果顯示，企業和電商工作者認為溝通協調能力、問題解決能力等綜合
能力甚至比特定的行銷或資訊專業能力更重要。由於電商工作內容還在演進，人
工智慧、軟體機器人漸趨普及，職能需求也會因此動態演進，教育訓練也必須隨
之調整因應。
This report investigates the following topics of e-commerce workers in industries that use the e-commerce model for sales: 1. Job content and functional requirements of e-commerce workers; 2. Education and training and manpower supply and demand; 3. Employment patterns and the social and economic background of workers; 4. Working conditions and labor rights. E-commerce workers include the following 12 categories: e-commerce specialists (operation/management of e-commerce platforms), marketing planning, website visual design, product planning, computer/data/network engineers (program writing/website maintenance), photography/editing, customer service/administration, warehouse management/shipping, investment promotion,
American editor/graphic design, Internet celebrity/live broadcast host, logistics and distribution.
The industries under investigation are mainly the retail industry, and cover industries closely related to e-commerce, such as information services, transportation and warehousing, and some industries that have been actively involved in e-commerce in recent years, such as manufacturing, professional, scientific and technical services etc. E-commerce workers include employed employees and self-employed operators with contractual relationships.
There are two main methods of investigation. The first is to visit e-commerce companies,
with a total of 25 companies visited. In addition, a survey was conducted on e-commerce workers, and a total of 1,025 valid questionnaires were obtained. The results of the interview and investigation found that most of the e-commerce employees in the above-mentioned industries are laborers as defined in the Labor Standards Law, and have an employment relationship with the enterprise; there are very few contracting relationships and manpower dispatch. According to the results of the questionnaire survey: 93% of e-commerce employees in the above-mentioned industries are employed, and only 7% are self-employed.
The survey results show that for e-commerce related practitioners and workers, comprehensive and team collaboration skills such as communication and coordination skills and problem-solving skills are even more important than specific marketing or information professional skills. As e-commerce contents are going to develop, artificial intelligence, APPs-development, and robots are becoming more and more popular. The capabilities and skill requirements of employees in e-commerce-related industries are also changing dynamically, and vocational training must also be adjusted accordingly.
