英文關鍵字：
Digital Country Plan;Digital Technology ;Regional Revitalization
摘要：
以科技改善地方生活條件、開拓地方就業機會，是推展地方創生的重要策略之一。但該以什麼模式導入科技應用，並使其兼收改善地方機能與吸引人口回流之綜效，卻也是治理策略的挑戰。日本在2021年檢視地方創生推動成果，發現過往著重制度改革的策略並不足達成地方創生的目標，而原先嘗試與「Society 5.0」國家發展願景相互串連的構想更未能具體落實。如何進一步強化科技應用的效益，成為第二階段地方創生的關注重點之一。岸田文雄政權於2021年10月就任之後提出「數位田園都市國家計畫」（デジタル田園都市国家），旨在「善用數位科技、發揮地方區域特質、讓鄉村具備都市的生產力和便利性」。為探究該計畫之推動內容以及其對地方創生執行模式的變革和助益，本研究即以日本內閣府「數位田園都市國家構想實現會議」和地方創生官網的公開資料為核心，探討其政策推動策略，以及與地方創生政策間的搭配實踐模式。
整體來說，相較於地方創生著重吸引青年回流地方，「數位田園都市國家計畫」更著重的是帶動地方共同打「從搖籃到墳墓」的全生命週期照護環境，以此開拓各年齡族群移居和留居的意願。而針對各地方的特質和需求差異，該政策也提出不同建構科技應用策略。其中，與地方創生相關的主題著重在以科技改善地方交通、照護兒童、發展遠距醫療、推動教育和觀光的數位轉型，以及結合地方閒置空間發展遠距辦公室等。除了中央政策外，地方政府亦在「「數位田園都市國家計畫」的資源與構想下，陸續發展出不同的策略模式。例如宮城縣仙台市著重建構可培育和連結創新創業網絡資源的體系，吸引創新創業者來此開發解決方案。廣島縣政府是以清楚定義需要科技導入的各面向需求，徵求和號召青創團隊共同解題，並經由解題過程留居地方開創事業。北海道更別村則是以擴散科技應用的模式，以地方閒置公共空間為科技導入基地，以逐步回應地方生活服務需求、漸次擴散科技應用項目的方式，累積科技創生的社群網絡。如何從日本經驗中借鏡科技導入地方創生的可能性，將是我國後續推動地方創生值得參考的重要議題。
Using technology to improve local living conditions and create job opportunities in rural areas is one of the key strategies for promoting regional revitalization. However, determining the most effective model for integrating technological applications to simultaneously enhance local functionality and attract population influx presents a challenge in governance. In Japan, upon reviewing the outcomes of regional revitalization efforts in 2021, it was found that a strategy primarily focused on institutional reform fell short of achieving the objectives of regional revitalization. Additionally, attempts to interconnect with the national vision of "Society 5.0" were not fully realized. Strengthening the benefits of technological applications became one of the focal points for the second phase of regional revitalization.
In October 2021, under the leadership of Prime Minister Fumio Kishida, the Japanese government proposed the "Digital Countryside National Plan" (デジタル田園都市国家), aiming to "utilize digital technology, leverage regional characteristics, and equip rural areas with the productivity and convenience of urban life." To explore the content and transformative effects of this plan on the implementation of regional revitalization models, this study examines public data from the Japanese Cabinet Office's "Digital Countryside National Plan Implementation Conference" and the regional revitalization official website, analyzing its policy promotion strategies and alignment with regional revitalization policies.
In general, while regional revitalization focuses on attracting young people back to rural areas, the "Digital Countryside National Plan" places greater emphasis on creating a comprehensive lifelong care environment, spanning from cradle to grave. This approach aims to cultivate the desire of various age groups to move to and stay in rural areas. Addressing the unique characteristics and needs of different regions, the policy proposes various strategies for constructing technological applications. Relevant themes concerning regional revitalization center around digital transformation in improving local transportation, childcare, developing telemedicine, promoting education and tourism, as well as utilizing idle spaces for remote offices.
In addition to central government policies, local governments have been developing different strategic models under the resources and concepts of the "Digital Countryside National Plan." For instance, Sendai City in Miyagi Prefecture focuses on reconstructing and connecting innovative entrepreneurial networks to attract innovators and entrepreneurs to develop solutions. The Hiroshima Prefectural Government defines specific technological needs and calls for collaboration from youth entrepreneurial teams to address them, encouraging them to establish businesses in the region. In contrast, Betsukai Village in Hokkaido adopts a diffusion model of technology applications, using idle public spaces as bases for technological integration, gradually responding to local service demands, and incrementally expanding technology-based projects to accumulate a community network for technological revitalization.
